Pediatrics & Immunizations for the AANP FNP exam
Pediatric populations are 22% of the exam combined. Memorize the CDC immunization schedule, milestones, and pediatric red flags. This chapter has 25 topics, a video lecture, an audio lesson, clinical scenarios, exam pearls and a quiz.
What you will learn
- Memorize the CDC immunization schedule birth through adolescent
- Identify developmental milestones at major checkpoints
- Recognize pediatric red-flag presentations
- Apply HEEADSSS and Tanner staging in adolescents
Topics in this chapter
- Well-child careWell-child visit components, growth charts, BP screening, vision/hearing, dental.
- Developmental milestonesDevelopmental milestones by age, red flags for delay, autism screening, school readiness.
- Pediatric immunizationsBirth-18 schedule recap, catch-up principles, contraindications, vaccine hesitancy.
- Newborn issuesJaundice, weight loss, feeding, colic, infant rashes, congenital anomalies on physical exam.
- Fever in infants and childrenFever workup by age (neonate, 1-3 mo, 3-36 mo), occult bacteremia, sepsis, antibiotic principles.
- Pediatric respiratory (recap)Asthma in kids (recap), bronchiolitis, croup, pertussis, foreign body aspiration, CF.
- Pediatric GIGERD in infants, colic, milk protein allergy, constipation, encopresis, intussusception, pyloric stenosis.
- Pediatric mental health (recap)ADHD (recap), autism, anxiety in kids, school refusal, behavioral, child abuse (recap).
- Pediatric emergenciesSepsis recognition, dehydration, BRUE, drowning, ingestion, abusive head trauma, status asthmaticus.
- Pediatric skinDiaper rash, atopic dermatitis (recap), tinea, impetigo, scabies, cradle cap, pediatric viral exanthems.
- Adolescent sports and adult well-carePre-participation physical exam, sudden cardiac death screening, concussion (recap), female athlete triad/RED-S.
- Lead poisoning and iron deficiencyLead poisoning, iron deficiency anemia in children, screening, treatment thresholds.
- Pediatric Heart Murmurs: Innocent vs PathologicInnocent (Still's) murmurs vs pathologic murmurs, plus coarctation of the aorta recognition.
- The Acute Scrotum and Cryptorchidism in BoysTesticular torsion as a surgical emergency, plus epididymitis and cryptorchidism (undescended testis).
- Pediatric Orthopedic ConditionsDDH (Barlow/Ortolani), SCFE, Osgood-Schlatter, scoliosis, septic arthritis vs osteomyelitis, nursemaid's elbow.
- Chromosomal, Dysmorphic, and Metabolic SyndromesDown syndrome (atlantoaxial instability), FAS, Fragile X, Turner, Klinefelter, PKU and the newborn metabolic screen.
- Childhood Cancers: Red FlagsALL/leukemia, Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma (leukocoria) red flags.
- Pediatric Eye and ENT ConditionsOphthalmia neonatorum, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, orbital vs preseptal cellulitis, and strabismus.
- Adolescent Puberty Issues and Absence SeizuresDelayed and precocious puberty, gynecomastia, primary amenorrhea, and childhood absence seizures.
- SIDS and Safe-Sleep Anticipatory GuidanceSIDS risk-reduction counseling: back to sleep, firm flat surface, no soft bedding, room-sharing without bed-sharing.
- Sickle Cell Disease in ChildrenNewborn screen detection, dactylitis, acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration, penicillin prophylaxis, and vaccine needs.
- Hodgkin Lymphoma in AdolescentsPainless firm cervical or supraclavicular node plus B symptoms in a teen; the classic adolescent lymphoma red flag.
- Neonatal Conjunctivitis and Pneumonia by TimingTiming distinguishes the causes: chemical day 1, gonococcal day 2-5, chlamydial day 5-14, with chlamydial pneumonia at 4-12 weeks.
- Tanner Staging (Sexual Maturity Rating) OverviewSexual maturity rating 1 to 5 with thelarche, adrenarche, menarche, and the growth-spurt timing in girls and boys.
- See also: covered in other chaptersPediatric/adolescent topics whose full teaching lives in another chapter.
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Last updated November 4, 2026. Verify exam details against the official AANPCB Candidate Handbook before exam day.